The functional groups define the physical and chemical properties of organic compounds. These can undergo chemical reactions, thus generating new compounds.
Many methods are already described in the literature to perform these chemical transformations and are commonly used in organic synthesis to achieve the synthesis of a target molecule (Named reactions and synthesis ).
Following the "birth" of this target molecule in a reaction mixture, we must subsequently separate it from the other constituents. Indeed, the organic chemist usually wants to work with pure substances to study its properties. He usually has a variety of techniques to separate a component from a crude mixture. Among the most important methods are: